FRAX is a decentralized stablecoin pegged to the U.S. dollar (1 F$FRAX
RAX ≈ $1), designed to combine on-chain collateral with algorithmic mechanisms to maintain price stability. It was one of the first fractional-algorithmic stablecoins, meaning it’s backed by a mix of collateral (e.g., USDC) and algorithmic controls rather than just 100% reserves like traditional stablecoins.
How It Works
Dynamic Collateral Ratio: The protocol adjusts how much collateral backs FRAX based on market demand — more collateral when confidence drops and less when confidence rises — aiming to keep it at $1.
Algorithmic Market Operations (AMOs): Smart contract systems dynamically mint or burn FRAX and adjust reserves to help the peg hold.
Hybrid Model: While originally partially algorithmic, the protocol has moved toward fully collateralized backing (100% reserves) to improve reliability and reduce risk.
Strengths
✔ Stable Peg Performance: Historically, FRAX has maintained a tight peg with minimal deviation, performing well even in volatile conditions compared to other algorithmic designs.
✔ Capital Efficiency: The dynamic model seeks to use collateral more efficiently than traditional 1:1 stablecoins.
✔ DeFi Integration: Widely used in decentralized finance protocols for liquidity, lending, and yield strategies.
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