Vitalik Buterin announced that Ethereum is close to resolving the blockchain trilemma through two major upgrades: PeerDAS, already launched on mainnet in 2025, and ZK-EVM, expected to start limited network deployment in 2026. These upgrades aim to enhance Ethereum’s decentralization, security, and throughput by incorporating higher gas limits, state structure adjustments, and zero-knowledge verification techniques. The advancements mark a decade-long engineering effort that is now delivering real, operational improvements rather than theoretical designs.

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