In the crypto landscape of 2026, a shadow looms over our wallets: quantum computing. What once seemed like science fiction is now a priority in the roadmaps of the two giants. But who is better prepared for the "Q Day"?
The Turning Point: Why now?
The advancements of companies like IBM and Google have accelerated the forecasts. It is estimated that by 2028, quantum computers could run Shor's Algorithm with enough power to break elliptic curve cryptography (ECDSA), the lock that protects your funds in BTC and ETH.
🟠 Bitcoin: The Conservative Fortress
Bitcoin bets on immutability. Its strategy is "wait and see," but with built-in defenses:
Hash Protection: If your BTC is in modern addresses (P2PKH or Taproot) and you have never sent funds from them, your public key remains hidden behind a hash (SHA-256), which is intrinsically more resistant to quantum attacks.
**The "Satoshi Coins" Dilemma: The big risk is the 1.7 to 4 million BTC in old addresses (P2PK) where the public key is visible. If they are not moved to quantum-resistant addresses, they could be the first to be "hacked" by a quantum AI.
Update: A "Soft Fork" to introduce Lamport or Post-Quantum signatures is technically possible, but requires a social consensus that is always slow in Bitcoin.
🔵 Ethereum: Proactive Agility
Vitalik Buterin has been clear in 2026: Ethereum must pass the "abandonment test" and be secure for 100 years.
The Splurge: This phase of the roadmap actively integrates research in lattice-based cryptography and STARK signatures.
Account Abstraction (ERC-4337): It is ETH's secret weapon. It allows users to change their signature scheme individually without waiting for a network-wide update. You could "upgrade" your wallet to a quantum-resistant model tomorrow.
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Emergency Plan: Ethereum already has a designed "Emergency Hard Fork" protocol that would freeze the network and allow users to claim their funds through zero-knowledge proofs (ZK-proofs) in the event of a sudden attack.