Russia plans to introduce a broad cryptocurrency regulatory framework by July 2027, allowing both retail and institutional investors to buy Bitcoin and other top cryptocurrencies. The law will regulate crypto exchanges operating in legal grey zones with penalties for unregistered operators and impose eligibility tests and purchase caps for retail investors. The central bank, having softened its anti-crypto stance, will likely restrict retail crypto options to a curated list of top coins such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and Toncoin, while promoting stablecoins like USDT for foreign trade.