People keep talking about how Fogo hits 40 millisecond block times, but I really wanted to understand the actual physics behind it. Even with fiber optics, it takes time for data to travel across the world. It turns out they are using something called multi-local consensus to make this happen. Instead of having validators scattered randomly trying to talk to each other all at once, they physically group active validators into specific geographic zones like Tokyo or London for certain periods.
Because the validators for that specific block are literally right next to each other in the same data center region, the network latency drops to almost zero. They can agree on transactions instantly. At first, I was worried this meant the chain was too centralized, but the protocol actually rotates these active zones globally over time. So you basically get the extreme speed of a centralized server cluster, but it maintains the security of a decentralized network because the control keeps moving. It is a really smart workaround to the physical limits of the internet and explains why it can actually handle high-frequency trading on-chain without breaking down.
@Fogo Official $FOGO #fogo