Upgrades are where settlement risk quietly appears.

A new contract, a patched logic flow, or a changed interface can shift how “final” outcomes are determined.

Dusk avoids this by separating execution and settlement.

Execution evolves inside DuskEVM, while settlement remains fixed in DuskDS. This design keeps the core rules stable, even as features improve.

It’s not just clean architecture it’s risk control.

Because the worst time to question finality is during an upgrade.

#Dusk $DUSK

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