@VitalikButerin Recently proposed to expand the future execution layer of ETH, especially RISC-V and zk RISC-V have received a lot of attention. The zkVM has a large track with many projects, here’s a simple classification:

1/RISC-V Instruction Set

-Boojum 2.0 @zkvm has many projects, some have their own instruction sets, while others use traditional instruction sets (MIPS, RISC-V, WASM, etc.)

What other companies are in RISC-V?

-OpenVM @axiom_xyz team transitioned to zkVM

-Risc0 zkVM @RiscZero @boundless_xyz this is quite famous, the earliest project combining RISC-V with zk

SP1 @SuccinctLabs recently gained popularity, not detailed here

-Polygon’s Hermez team’s zkVM ZisK RISC-V VM

https://t.co/hNuUb77f5M

-Boojum 2.0 MatterLabs https://t.co/AaD59lBtmQ

2/WASM Instruction Set

@ligero_inc runs in mobile browsers, a memory-efficient zero-knowledge proof virtual machine (zkVM), supports P2P games and privacy-preserving applications like anonymous credentials without external validators

@DelphinusLab zkWASM has targeted many game categories for zk proofs in its market

@NovaNet_zkp WASM instruction set still aims for privacy, aggregation, and parallel proofs on small and edge devices, as well as zkML directions

3/Own Instruction Set

-@0xMiden zkVM is a zkVM project independent from Polygon, focusing on privacy, just announced a $25 million investment from a16z and others

-@valida_xyz zkVM also focused on improving efficiency but seems to have not received much attention https://t.co/d8G2f3B3cu

4/MPIS Instruction Set

-ZKM @ProjectZKM has created a relatively old instruction set known for its compactness, this market is solely played by itself.