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A Vanar Chain é uma blockchain de Camada-1 (L1) construída com um objetivo principal: fazer com que o Web3 pareça normal na vida real. Em vez de projetar primeiro para traders e depois para usuários, a Vanar tenta projetar para a adoção cotidiana desde o início. A equipe frequentemente fala sobre construir para jogos, entretenimento, experiências no metaverso e marcas—indústrias onde milhões de pessoas já gastam tempo e dinheiro online. A Vanar é alimentada pelo token VANRY, que é usado em toda a rede para taxas e outras funções essenciais.
Uma grande razão pela qual a Vanar importa é porque a maioria das blockchains ainda parece difícil para usuários normais. As pessoas se deparam com carteiras confusas, etapas complicadas e taxas que mudam repentinamente quando a rede fica sobrecarregada. Esse tipo de experiência pode ser aceitável para usuários de criptomoedas hardcore, mas se torna um sério problema se você quiser que milhões de jogadores ou consumidores comuns se juntem. A mensagem da Vanar é basicamente que a adoção em massa não acontecerá até que a blockchain se torne simples, previsível e, na maior parte, invisível nos bastidores.

O Plasma é uma blockchain de Camada 1 construída com um objetivo claro: fazer com que o movimento das stablecoins pareça rápido, simples e normal. Em vez de tentar ser uma cadeia para cada tendência de cripto possível, foca na liquidação para stablecoins como USDT, porque essa já é uma das maiores utilizações do mundo real em cripto. O Plasma posiciona as stablecoins como ativos de “primeira classe” na rede, o que significa que os principais recursos da cadeia são projetados em torno de transferências de stablecoins, taxas de stablecoin e fluxos de pagamento de stablecoin.
A razão pela qual o Plasma é importante é simples. Em muitos países, stablecoins não são apenas uma ferramenta de negociação. As pessoas as usam como dólares digitais para proteger economias, enviar dinheiro para a família e mover valor através das fronteiras onde os bancos são lentos ou caros. Mesmo em mercados mais desenvolvidos, as stablecoins estão se tornando uma camada de liquidação séria para negócios nativos de cripto. O Plasma está tentando atender a ambos os mundos ao mesmo tempo: usuários de varejo em mercados de alta adoção que precisam de transferências fáceis e baratas, e instituições em pagamentos e finanças que precisam de liquidação previsível e infraestrutura que possa escalar.

rare crypto projects that doesn’t feel like it was designed to shock the world or rebel against it. Instead, it feels like it was designed to sit quietly in the background and make the financial system work better. The project began in 2018 when most of the industry was loudly chanting about “decentralizing everything,” pushing back against institutions, and celebrating total transparency. Dusk took a different path. Its question was much more grounded: can real, regulated financial assets live on a public blockchain without exposing everyone’s private financial life to the entire world?
This question matters because public blockchains are powerful but also unforgiving. If you buy a house or a bond or even receive your salary on a typical transparent chain, anyone who knows your wallet address can map out your entire financial life. They can see what you own, what you paid for it, when you bought it, how much you send out, and sometimes even guess where you work. That level of exposure might be tolerable for a meme token, but it is not acceptable for serious financial instruments where privacy, competition, and basic human dignity all matter.
On the other extreme, fully private chains exist, but they create a different kind of problem. If everything is hidden forever, how do regulators prevent money laundering, tax evasion, or fraud? How does a financial institution show that the rules were followed if no one is allowed to check anything? Dusk positions itself in the space between those two extremes. It is public and permissionless, so anyone can participate, but it uses advanced cryptography to keep sensitive financial information private while still allowing regulated oversight where it is legally required. That balance—privacy without secrecy, compliance without surveillance—is the personality of Dusk.
At its core, Dusk runs as a layer 1 blockchain that supports privacy-preserving smart contracts and settlement for regulated financial products like tokenized securities, funds, or bonds. Instead of asking institutions to ignore regulations, it tries to bring those regulations with them into the new on-chain world. It does this using something called zero-knowledge proofs, which are a kind of math that lets you prove something is true without revealing all the details behind it. With these proofs, a user can show that they passed KYC without revealing their passport and home address to the chain. A fund manager can show that trades and payouts followed the rules without exposing sensitive strategy to competitors. A regulator can confirm compliance without downloading a database of everyone’s personal identity.
Identity itself is handled in a way that feels almost humane. Instead of centralizing people’s personal data in a giant database—where it sits waiting for a hack—Dusk lets users carry their identity credentials with them through a system called Citadel. If a platform needs to know that a user is authorized for something, the user can prove it directly. This keeps control in the individual’s hands, not locked inside the servers of companies who treat personal data like fuel.
The chain itself is secured through proof-of-stake, where users lock up DUSK tokens to help validate the network and earn rewards. These tokens are also used for gas fees and interactions with applications. The supply is capped, distributed over time, and designed to reward long-term participants instead of dumping everything at once. It’s the kind of token model that feels more like an infrastructure incentive than a casino chip.
The ecosystem forming around Dusk is not loud or chaotic. It’s made up of exchanges, custodians, fintech platforms, and institutions that care about regulated products and real-world assets. These are players who need both privacy and compliance, and who want to bring traditional financial instruments into a digital form that is faster, cheaper, and less bureaucratic. For regular users, this could eventually mean being able to hold tokenized shares, bonds, and other serious assets directly in a wallet, without handing custody to a large institution or exposing every detail of their financial profile to the entire world.
The roadmap from here is less about raw invention and more about adoption. The chain has matured into mainnet, the technology works, and the compliance features are there. Now the question becomes: will the financial world choose to use it? It will need liquidity, partners, and time. Real finance moves slowly, and trust is earned over years, not weekends. Dusk will compete with other chains and private ledgers that see the same opportunity. It will also have to remain adaptable as regulations evolve across the EU and beyond.
But if you zoom out, the human story behind Dusk is about control and respect. It’s about protecting people from having their financial lives exposed forever just because they wanted to participate in a new digital economy. It’s about recognizing that regulators are not the enemy of innovation, and that privacy is not the enemy of compliance. It’s about imagining a world where serious financial assets can live on-chain, settle quickly, and reach more people without sacrificing legality or dignity.
If that world becomes real, nobody will talk about cryptography or consensus or tokenomics. They will just buy things, settle trades, earn yields, and hold assets in a wallet that feels safe and private. The blockchain doing the heavy lifting will be invisible, and that invisibility—ironically—is the highest compliment a financial infrastructure can ever receive

#Dusk @Dusk $DUSK

Dusk started in 2018 with a very practical idea: if blockchain is ever going to support real financial markets, it must respect two things at the same time—privacy and regulation. Normal public blockchains are like open ledgers where anyone can watch transactions and balances. That transparency can be useful, but in real finance it can be a problem, because institutions and users cannot expose their entire financial activity to the public. Dusk is built to solve that mismatch by offering a Layer-1 network made for regulated, privacy-focused financial infrastructure, where confidentiality and auditability are part of the base design.
In simple terms, Dusk wants to be the blockchain that feels more like financial infrastructure than a public chatroom. It aims to support institutional applications, compliant DeFi, and tokenized real-world assets—things like regulated funds, securities, and settlement workflows—without forcing everything to be fully public. Dusk’s own documentation frames it as a “privacy blockchain for regulated finance,” which is basically a way of saying: people should get privacy by default, but regulators and auditors should still be able to verify what they are allowed to verify.
The reason this matters is that real markets run on controlled visibility. In finance, you don’t show your positions, counterparties, or customer flows to the whole world. But you do need provable records for reporting, audits, and compliance checks. Fully public chains create confidentiality problems, while fully private systems can make oversight harder. Dusk’s approach is to create a middle lane: keep sensitive details hidden from the public, while still enabling selective disclosure and verifiable correctness when needed.
Under the hood, Dusk is built in a modular way, which means it separates the “settlement base” from the “application execution layer.” The settlement base is called DuskDS, and it handles the core network functions: consensus, final settlement, and the transaction models. You can think of DuskDS as the part of the system that decides what is final and permanently recorded. On top of DuskDS, Dusk supports different execution environments, so developers can build applications without the core settlement layer needing to change constantly.
This modular design matters because finance systems value stability. Settlement infrastructure cannot change every week like a typical consumer app. By keeping DuskDS as the stable foundation and letting execution layers evolve above it, Dusk is trying to combine stability with flexibility. This is also why Dusk emphasizes that it can support institutional-grade applications while still giving developers modern tools to build with.
One of the most important parts of Dusk is how it handles privacy. Dusk supports two native transaction models that can exist side by side. The first is Moonlight, which is a public, transparent mode similar to what you see on many blockchains where balances and transfers are visible. The second is Phoenix, which is designed for privacy. Phoenix uses a note-based model and zero-knowledge proofs so users can prove a transfer is valid without revealing the full details publicly. In everyday language, Phoenix lets you say “this transaction is correct” without exposing “here’s who paid whom and how much” to everyone watching.
This Moonlight-and-Phoenix setup is a big part of what makes Dusk’s “regulated privacy” message different. Many privacy systems focus mainly on hiding everything. Dusk is more focused on controlled privacy, where confidentiality is available for normal users and institutions, but auditability and verification remain possible through the right mechanisms and permissions. That’s a more natural fit for regulated assets and institutions because compliance often requires verifiable records—just not public records for everyone.
For consensus, DuskDS uses proof-of-stake and a protocol it calls Succinct Attestation (SA). The network selects committees, blocks are proposed and checked, and then ratified in a way Dusk describes as supporting deterministic finality. This is important for finance because “finality” is not just a technical concept—it affects legal certainty and operational risk. Dusk’s staking participants (often called provisioners) secure the network by staking DUSK, and they earn rewards as part of the incentive system.
To make building easier, Dusk also supports DuskEVM, which is an Ethereum-compatible execution environment. This matters because the EVM world has a huge developer base and mature tooling. Dusk’s documentation explains that DuskEVM is built using the OP Stack and references EIP-4844 concepts, while using DuskDS for settlement rather than Ethereum. Dusk also notes that the current architecture inherits a roughly seven-day finalization element typical of OP Stack designs, while describing future upgrades aiming for stronger finality behavior.
The DUSK token sits at the center of the network’s economics, mainly to support security and incentives through staking. According to Dusk’s tokenomics documentation, the initial supply was 500 million DUSK, with another 500 million emitted over 36 years as staking rewards, giving a maximum supply of 1 billion DUSK. The documentation also explains that DUSK previously existed in ERC-20 and BEP-20 forms and can be migrated to native DUSK as mainnet infrastructure rolled out.
When you look at Dusk’s ecosystem, it’s clear the project is not only chasing typical crypto apps. It is also building rails for regulated markets: custody, settlement tokens, identity components, and data standards. Public announcements connect Dusk with NPEX in building regulated trading and custody infrastructure, and there has been a notable announcement around EURQ, described by Quantoz Payments with NPEX and Dusk as a MiCAR-compliant “digital euro” designed for regulated finance use cases. There are also announcements around adopting Chainlink interoperability and data standards to help bring regulated institutional assets on-chain.
Dusk’s roadmap has looked more like a staged rollout than a single launch day. In June 2024, Dusk announced a mainnet target date, and in December 2024 it published a detailed rollout plan with dates and steps like onramp activation, mainnet component releases, a dry-run cluster, and January follow-through steps. Dusk also published updates that clarify how Moonlight and Phoenix fit together in the network design.
The hardest part for Dusk is not only technical. The biggest challenge is balancing three forces that often clash: the privacy users want, the compliance institutions require, and the open accessibility that makes blockchains powerful. Privacy technology like zero-knowledge proofs adds complexity and demands strong tooling and auditing. Institutional adoption can be slow because legal and risk processes take time. And competition in the RWA and regulated tokenization space is intense, with many chains and platforms pushing similar visions. Dusk’s job is to prove that its approach—privacy plus auditability on a settlement-grade Layer-1—works not only on paper but at real scale

#Dusk @Dusk $DUSK

Dusk is a Layer-1 blockchain that started in 2018 with a very specific goal: make blockchain usable for real finance without forcing everyone to choose between privacy and compliance. In the normal world, financial activity is regulated, but it is not fully public. Banks don’t publish customer balances. Trading firms don’t reveal positions. Companies don’t want every payment and treasury move visible to competitors. At the same time, regulators still need rules, reports, and the ability to audit when necessary. Dusk exists because most blockchains either make everything transparent (which breaks confidentiality) or make everything hidden (which can break regulated market requirements). Dusk is trying to build a middle path where privacy is natural, but accountability can still exist when it’s legally required.
To understand why Dusk matters, it helps to think about what happens when institutions try to use typical public chains. Public ledgers are great for proving that something happened, but they also expose sensitive business information. Even if the asset is legal, the data leakage can be unacceptable. A fund might not want the world to track its trades. A company might not want suppliers and competitors watching its cash flow. A regulated platform might need to protect client information under data privacy rules. So when people say “tokenize real-world assets,” the hidden part is that tokenization only becomes practical at scale if the underlying system can protect confidentiality while still meeting compliance needs. Dusk is trying to become that kind of foundation—something institutions can actually use without feeling like they’re putting their entire business on display.
Dusk’s approach is not only about adding privacy features on top of a blockchain after the fact. The core idea is to build privacy into the infrastructure itself, while still allowing auditability through controlled or selective disclosure. In simple terms, that means information can remain private by default, but a legitimate party—like an auditor or regulator—can be given access to prove what happened without exposing everything to the public. That concept is important because it matches how compliance works in real finance: confidentiality is normal, and audits happen through authorized access, not public exposure.
Under the hood, Dusk is built using proof-of-stake, which means the network is secured by participants who lock up the DUSK token to help validate blocks and keep the chain honest. In financial settings, finality and reliability matter a lot, because markets need clear settlement. Dusk’s consensus design is intended to finalize transactions in an ordered, predictable way so that “settled” really means settled. For regulated applications, that’s not a small detail—it’s one of the core expectations.
One of the most human and practical features in Dusk is that it supports two native transaction “modes,” because real finance isn’t one single style of activity. There is a public, account-based style for situations where transparency is acceptable or even preferred. Then there is a private, note-based style powered by zero-knowledge proofs for situations where confidentiality is necessary. Instead of forcing developers to invent privacy from scratch, Dusk tries to offer privacy as part of the base toolkit. The idea is simple: sometimes you need public rails, sometimes you need private rails, and the chain should support both without making one of them feel like a hack.
Dusk has also been moving toward a more modular architecture, which is basically a way of keeping the system flexible and easier to adopt. Rather than forcing everything into one big layer, the design separates responsibilities. The settlement layer focuses on security, staking, and final settlement. Another layer focuses on EVM compatibility so developers can build using familiar Ethereum tools and code patterns. Over time, a dedicated privacy execution environment is meant to support deeper privacy-preserving applications. This modular idea matters because adoption is not only about good technology—it’s also about how easy it is to build, integrate, and maintain systems without rewriting everything from zero.
EVM compatibility is a big deal in practice because it reduces friction for developers. Most builders in crypto already know Ethereum-style tools, and most of the smart contract ecosystem is shaped around EVM standards. By supporting an EVM environment, Dusk tries to make it easier for teams to deploy applications while still benefiting from Dusk’s settlement layer and privacy direction. This is part of Dusk’s broader strategy: don’t isolate yourself from the developer world, but also don’t abandon the finance-first design.
The DUSK token sits at the center of how the network functions. It is used for staking to secure the chain, paying transaction costs, and rewarding network participants who support consensus and validation. Like many proof-of-stake systems, Dusk’s tokenomics include an initial supply and a long-term emission structure to keep incentives alive over many years. The long-term goal of any such model is for real usage—transactions, applications, asset issuance, and settlement—to create natural demand that supports the network beyond speculation. Tokenomics can look good on paper, but the real test is whether people and institutions actually use the chain for meaningful activity.
When you look at Dusk’s ecosystem direction, it isn’t mainly about attracting random apps just to inflate numbers. It leans toward infrastructure that fits regulated finance: compliant issuance, tokenized assets, stable-value settlement options, and partnerships that connect the chain to real-world legal and operational frameworks. This is where Dusk’s identity becomes clear. It’s not trying to be everything for everyone. It’s trying to be reliable rails for the kind of on-chain activity that must survive audits, licensing requirements, and long-term scrutiny.
The roadmap story around Dusk is not only about technical upgrades. It’s also about building the right bridges—both technical and institutional. On the technical side, that means improving modular layers, strengthening interoperability, and making it easier for developers to ship production apps. On the institutional side, that means expanding regulated partnerships, supporting compliant marketplaces, and making settlement with stable-value instruments possible. For Dusk, “progress” is less about loud hype and more about building pieces that regulated markets can trust.
Dusk also faces real challenges, and it’s better to say them plainly. Balancing privacy with compliance is delicate, because privacy can’t become a loophole, and compliance can’t become surveillance. Even if the technology is strong, regulators, institutions, and auditors must be comfortable with how selective disclosure works in real life. Regulations also differ across regions and can evolve, which means the project needs to keep adapting its approach. On top of that, modular architectures add complexity, and complexity increases the work needed for security, reliability, and smooth user experiences.
Another challenge is adoption itself. Institutions do not move at crypto speed. They test slowly, they demand stability, and they require clear legal comfort before scaling. Building liquidity and network effects in a competitive market is never guaranteed. Dusk can have the right vision and still struggle if the market takes longer than expected to adopt tokenized regulated assets on-chain. The final challenge is economic: token incentives and emissions can support security for a long time, but long-term health depends on real demand created by genuine usage.
In a simple, human takeaway, Dusk is trying to make blockchain behave more like real financial infrastructure. It wants privacy to feel normal, not suspicious. It wants compliance to feel possible, not hostile. And it wants institutions and developers to meet on the same rails—where regulated assets can move and settle efficiently without exposing every detail to the public internet. If tokenized real-world assets and regulated markets truly expand on-chain in the coming years, the projects that successfully combine confidentiality, auditability, and real settlement guarantees are the ones that could end up mattering most

#Dusk @Dusk $DUSK

Walrus (WAL) existe porque o crypto tem um problema que as pessoas não gostam de falar: blockchains são ótimas para armazenar pequenos fatos como saldos e propriedade, mas são péssimas para armazenar dados pesados do mundo real, como vídeos, imagens, documentos, ativos de jogos e saídas de IA. Se você tentar armazenar arquivos grandes diretamente em uma blockchain, isso se torna dolorosamente caro e ineficiente porque as blockchains replicam dados em muitos nós para segurança. Walrus foi projetado para resolver essa lacuna exata agindo como uma camada de armazenamento "grande arquivo" descentralizada que funciona de perto com a blockchain Sui.

Walrus está basicamente tentando resolver um problema muito simples que blockchains têm desde o primeiro dia: blockchains são boas em armazenar pequenos fatos importantes, mas são terríveis em armazenar grandes arquivos. Uma blockchain pode te dizer quem possui um token ou se uma transação ocorreu, mas no momento em que você pede para armazenar um vídeo, um conjunto de dados, uma grande coleção de imagens ou ativos de jogos, as coisas ficam lentas e caras muito rapidamente. Walrus existe porque aplicativos modernos precisam de conteúdo pesado, e o Web3 precisa de uma maneira de lidar com esse conteúdo sem voltar ao modelo usual de “uma empresa possui o servidor”.